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Dowling College Spring 2004 EDU 5304 Philosophy of Education  (CRN 24285)

 

Christian Perring, Ph.D.

 

Office: 330A RC

Office Phone: (631) 244-3349

Office Hours: MTW 4:00-5:30 PM

Class time: T 5:30-7:30 PM

Email: perringc@dowling.edu (please put “EDU5304” in the subject line of your email, and make sure your message contains your first and last names)

 

We will also use some of the services available on Blackboard, at http://webclasses.dowling.edu

 

This course is designed to help students examine the diverse philosophical views that have affected, and are affecting, educational policy in the United States.  Students will explore questions about the purposes, ends, and means of education, and assess their own philosophy through readings, discussions, and lectures.  The central aims of the course will be to provide students with content knowledge about philosophical debates about controversies in education and to improve their skills in understanding philosophical ideas, assessing the strengths and weaknesses of different philosophical arguments, seeing the relevance of philosophical theories to their own experience, and formulating and defending their own views on controversial issues.  After taking this course, students should have enhanced abilities to identify and explain the ultimate goals of education and its role in society; they should be better able to rationally form and justify opinions about controversies in education; and they should be able to assess the available options in ethical dilemmas facing teachers and come to morally acceptable decisions. 

 

Four central questions in philosophy of education are:

·        What is the purpose of education?

·        Which people in society should be educated?

·        What are the ethical rights and responsibilities of teachers in relation to students, students’ families, and other teachers?

·        What are the ethical rights and responsibilities of students in relation to teachers and other students?

There are many more specific issues with strong philosophical content, some of which we will address. These show that philosophy of education is not a separate field from other areas within the academic study of education, but rather is an examination of the debates of fundamental issues that underlie both educational policy and classroom practices.  The questions we may cover include:

·        What subjects should children be taught?

·        Who should receive a free education?

·        What are the responsibilities of society concerning the education of children with exceptional talent or special needs?

·        Is it fair to stream or track classes with respect to children’s talent, or should classes consist of children of mixed ability?

·        Should ethics and religious studies be taught in public schools?

·        Is it possible and right to teach children to be virtuous or to become good citizens?

·        Should education in the USA be multicultural? 

·        Should mathematics and science be taught as neutral truths or as culturally specific approaches to understanding the world?

·        Is single-sex education ethical?

·        Should parents or society have the most control in deciding what kind of education children receive?

·        Should philosophy, logic or critical thinking skills be taught to children?

·        Do teachers or education policy-makers need to have some understanding of philosophy in order to be good teachers?

 

Course Work

Percentage of grade

Work

5%

Attendance and participation.  I will take attendance, and you should explain to me the reasons for any absences, since this can affect your grade.  More than 4 unapproved absences will mean you fail the course. 

30%

6 reflection pieces.  At least 500 words.  5 % each.  These are due by email, preferably as an attachment, the day before class: i.e., by 5.30PM on the Monday. Your name should appear along with the body of the text.  Note that unless you explicitly request otherwise, I may discuss the contents of your reflection pieces in class.

30%

Take Home Exam. 

35%

Paper: At least 3000 words (12-14 pages).  (See below for instructions and paper topics.) 

Note that I expect you to write a draft of your paper, at least 6 pages long, that will be due a month before the final version is due.

 

Required Text

A Companion to the Philosophy of Education, edited by Randall Curren.  (Blackwell Publishing, 2003)

(Unfortunately this is an expensive book.  There is a copy on 3-hour reserve in the library if you cannot afford to buy it.  I plan to use this book every semester I teach this course, so you should be able to resell it at the end of the semester.  If you would like, I can make your contact info available to students in those future courses so they can purchase your textbook directly.  You can also sell your copy at a good proportion of the original price at Half.com, Amazon.com, or Textbooks.com)

 

Useful Resources

Philosophy of Education. Nel Noddings. Westview Press, 1995.

The Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Education.  Nigel Blake, Paul Smeyers, Richard Smith and Paul Standish (editors).  Blackwell Publishing, 2003.

Democratic Education, Amy Gutmann, Princeton University Press, 1999.

 

Schedule

Wk

Reading to be done

Work Due

2/3

None

None

2/10

16. Theories of teaching and learning: D. C. Phillips

17. The capacity to learn: Carol Wren and Thomas Wren

 

Reflection Piece 1.  Describe in detail an event or personal experience at a school or college where you were not sure what the right course of action was -- where a difficult ethical or philosophical question was raised.  Explain why it was not clear what to do.  I prefer that you use your own experience as a student or a teacher, but you can if you prefer use an example from fiction/TV/film. 

2/17

1. The Socratic movement: C. D. C. Reeve

2. Stoicism: Christopher Gill

 

2/24

6. Enlightenment liberalism: Amy M. Schmitter, Nathan Tarcov, and Wendy Donner

9. Romanticism: Frederick C. Beiser

Reflection Piece 2.  Apart from teaching students facts and giving them skills, do schools have a responsibility to enable children to experience finer emotions?  Discuss this using particular examples, preferably from your own experience.

3/2

7. Rousseau, Dewey and democracy: Patrick Riley and Jennifer Welchman

12. The analytical movement: Randall Curren

Take-home exam topics given.

3/9

15. The nature and purposes of education: Paul Standish

28. The authority and responsibility to educate: Amy Gutmann

Reflection Piece 3.  Why do you think that the state has a responsibility to educate children?  What kind of skills and knowledge should we provide children?

3/16

33. Educational equality and justice: Harry Brighouse

37. Inclusion and justice in special education: Robert F. Ladenson

Deadline for creating your own paper question: it must be submitted in writing, along with a list of 3 academic articles or scholarly books that you will use to answer the question.

3/23

31. Children's rights: James Dwyer

36. The ethics of teaching: Kenneth A. Strike

Reflection Piece 4.  Give one example in which it is right for a teacher to impose his or her moral views on children, and another in which is wrong to do so.  Justify both examples.

3/30

21. Cultivating reason: Harvey Siegel

22. Moral education: Graham Haydon

6-page paper draft due. 

4/13

30. Common schooling and educational choice: Rob Reich

34. Multicultural education: Robert K. Fullinwider

Reflection Piece 5.  What understanding do children have of their own cultures, and how does exposure to other cultures change their perspective?  Try to draw on your own experience from your youth or as a teacher.

4/20

11. Critical theory: Douglas Kellner

14. Postmodernism: David E. Cooper

 

4/27

19. The measurement of learning: Andrew Davis

Park).

32. Education and standards of living: Christian Barry.

Reflection Piece 6.  How are teachers assessed today and are these assessments accurate measures of their abilities?  Can you think of any better ways to assess teachers?

5/4

38. Sex education: David Archard

26.  Aesthetics and the educative powers of art: Noël Carroll

 Take Home Exam Due

5/7

 

Paper due. 

 

Instructions for class.  It is important that you do the assigned reading before class.  It will be a good idea for you to take notes during the explanation of the assigned readings to enable you to explain some of them in your take-home exam and include discussion of them in your paper.  Participation is strongly encouraged and your grade will be partly assessed on this.  Discussion and dialog between students is also an essential part of the learning process.  I expect students to respect me and each other, which includes the following: you should make every effort to arrive on time, and avoid bathroom breaks during the class unless absolutely necessary; cell phones should be silent; you should not bring food into class, especially if others can hear or smell it; you should not be doing reading or writing unrelated to the course during the class

 

Instructions for reflection pieces.  The aim of these reflection pieces is to encourage you to reflect on the philosophical issues raised in the readings and class discussion and relate them to your own experience as a student and as a teacher.  They are meant to help you thinking and writing philosophically and to help you draw connections between abstract ideas and everyday experience.  Since each piece is worth up to 5% of your grade and should be at least 500 words, I expect you to craft a thoughtful and well-written reflection.  These are not meant to be "mini-papers" and should not include any research, but it is a good idea for you to consider the relevance of some of the assigned course reading to the topic of the reflection and for you include your own opinion.  

 

Instructions for papers.  All papers should show evidence of research beyond the main textbook.  You should demonstrate a sophisticated understanding of the philosophical ideas you discuss, and an ability to show how those ideas help us understand difficult cases facing teachers or policy makers.  It may be useful to include facts about law, psychological theories of childhood development, or educational studies about how different teaching methods work in the classroom, but you need to go beyond those facts and engage in philosophical discussion.  Papers should discuss in detail at least two scholarly works published in an academic journal or book.  It is better to give a through discussion of a few authors than to give a superficial discussion of many.  Papers will be judged on the quality of their research the strength of the argument, and the clarity of the writing.  It is essential that papers engage in philosophical argument, so it is not enough simply to compare statistics, state opinions or describe personal experience of the writer or an interview subject.  It is also essential that you consider counter-arguments to your conclusion and explain why you believe they are unsuccessful.  Papers should have a clear structure, with an introduction, different sections in logical sequence, and a brief conclusion. 

 

Referring to other sources in your exam and paper: Any quotation from other work must be explicitly labeled, with a page number or exact URL.  Any paraphrasing must also be explicitly noted.  I recommend APA style for your references.  It should be easy for the reader to check on your sources.  If you quote from a non-academic website, you should include a print-out of the relevant webpage when you hand in a hard-copy of your paper.

 

All papers and exams should be submitted via Turnitin.com or sent to me by email as an attachment in MS Word or RTF.  I will give you information about how to use Turnitin.com.  Note that I view any form of academic dishonesty very seriously, and if I find that you have engaged in any form of plagiarism or cheating I will fail you in this course and report my action to the Dean of Students.

 

Final Paper Topics.

1.  Discuss what function education is meant to serve in modern society and whether home-schooling can achieve this function.  In particular, is there a significant role for the socialization of children with the aim to make them part of a wider community?  I encourage you to include discussion of whether parents should have the legal right to keep their children out of the classroom, and if so, under what conditions? 

2.  For children who have disabilities or impairments that could make it more difficult for them to benefit from a standard education, what moral obligations does our society have to use extra resources to educate them?  Relate this to the general purpose of education, and provide some justification for the theory that you endorse.  I encourage you to discuss the foundations of rights of people with disabilities.

3.  To what extent is it possible to objectively assess the quality of a teacher and the benefits provided by education?  Is the movement knows as "outcomes assessment" based on true scientific principles or pseudoscience?  Are some forms of teaching better suited to outcomes assessment than others, and is it wise policy to insist that all teaching have measurable outcomes?  

4.  There are fierce debates over the appropriateness of teaching children of different ages and levels of maturity about various aspects of human sexuality.  Discuss the fundamental ethical issues behind these debates, with reference to some specific issue -- preventing teen pregnancy or STDs, wise sexual decision-making, or gay, lesbian, bisexual and transsexual identities.  Be sure to include discussion of the extent to which it is possible and desirable to teach these topics in value-neutral ways, and whether it is appropriate for the state to provide or even insist on such education. 

 

 

Links

·          Frank Edler's page for Materials on the Philosophy of Education

·          Martin Ryder's Classic Texts and Manuscripts in Education

·          Larry J. Shaw's Five Educational Philosophies

·          Journal of Philosophy of Education

·          Theory and Research in Education

·          Kluwer Book Series on Philosophy and Education

·          Sophia Project on Philosophy of Education

·          Philosophy of Education Yearbook

·          Philosophy of Education Society

·          Philosophy of Education Society of Great Britain

·          The Ohio Valley Philosophy of Education Society

·          Southeast Philosophy of Education Society

·          Lawrence M. Hinman's Ethics Updates

·          Peter Suber's Guide to Philosophy on the Internet

·          EpistemeLinks.com

·          Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

·          Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy (search for Education)

·          Dowling Philosophy Databases